Updated 13 October 2025: Latest entries in bold
Information available on ChatGPT and its use has grown extensively since the launch of this artificial intelligence chatbot in November 2022. ChatGPT has broad applications across multiple areas, including education. This resource highlights key commentary and current advice about the use of AI in general and ChatGPT in particular in education. This is developed for those working in all education sectors, both in New Zealand/Aotearoa and globally. It identifies useful information on the use and integration of ChatGPT in education. Where possible the publication date of any resource has been identified. Each section is presented in reverse date order.
The FLANZ Professional Pathways Resources on this topic are set out in these categories:
- About Artificial Intelligence in education
- What is ChatGPT?
- Practical advice on Artificial Intelligence in education
- Practical advice on ChatGPT in education
- Further Resources (regularly updated)
1. About Artificial Intelligence in education
- Here’s what educators can do as artificial intelligence evolves – https://www.commonsense.org/education/articles/chatgpt-and-beyond-how-to-handle-ai-in-schools – Commonsense.org (6 March 2024)
- With Generative AI we can reimagine education — and the sky is the limit – https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/02/with-generative-ai-we-can-reimagine-education-and-the-sky-is-the-limit/ World Economic Forum (19 February 2024)
- Education in the age of artificial intelligence, The UNESCO Courier (October-December 2023)
- Meeting the AI moment: advancing the future through responsible AI (Microsoft, owner of ChatGPT) https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2023/02/02/responsible-ai-chatgpt-artificial-intelligence/ (February 2023)
- Doroudi, S. The Intertwined Histories of Artificial Intelligence and Education. Int J Artif Intell Educ 33, 885–928 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-022-00313-2
- Ethical guidelines on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and data in teaching and learning for educators (European Commission) https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d81a0d54-5348-11ed-92ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en (October 2022)
- The Commission publishes guidelines to help teachers address misconceptions about Artificial Intelligence and promote its ethical use, (European Commission https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_6338 (October 2022)
- Artificial Intelligence: Shaping a Future New Zealand (AI Forum of NZ) https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/5754-artificial-intelligence-shaping-a-future-new-zealand-pdf (May 2018)
2. What is ChatGPT?
- ChatGPT Resources for Faculty (US): https://teaching.pitt.edu/resources/chatgpt-resources-for-faculty/ (1 December 2023)
- If you still aren’t sure what ChatGPT is, this is your guide to the viral chatbot that everyone is talking about (US) https://www.businessinsider.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-chat-gpt-2023-1 (22 August 2023)
- Buzzy ChatGPT chatbot is so error-prone that its maker just publicly promised to fix the tech’s ‘glaring and subtle biases’ (US) https://fortune.com/2023/02/16/chatgpt-openai-bias-inaccuracies-bad-behavior-microsoft/ (17 February 2023)
- ChatGPT – What’s it all about? (AI Forum of NZ) https://aiforum.org.nz/2023/01/23/chatgpt-whats-it-all-about/ (23 January 2023)
- Ten Facts About ChatGPT (Contact North / Contact Nord, Canada) https://teachonline.ca/ai-resources/tools-trends/ten-facts-about-chatgpt (5 January 2023)
- Explained: What is ChatGPT? (World Economic Forum) https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/12/chatgpt-ai-bot-intelligent-conversation/ (13 December 2022)
3. Practical advice about Artificial Intelligence in education
- Tāhūrangi – New Zealand Curriculum Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (undated)
- Top 6 Use Cases of Generative AI in Education in 2024 https://research.aimultiple.com/generative-ai-in-education/ (3 January 2024)
- NZ education needs to swiftly embrace artificial intelligence (AI Forum of NZ) https://aiforum.org.nz/2023/02/24/nz-education-needs-to-swiftly-embrace-artificial-intelligence/ (24 February 2023)
- The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Future of Education (South Africa) https://www.getsmarter.com/blog/market-trends/the-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-future-of-education/ (9 February 2022)
- AI and education: guidance for policy-makers (UNESCO) https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376709 (2021)
- AI in the classroom: Teaching about artificial intelligence (Secondary schools focus, Digital Technologies Hub, Australia) https://www.digitaltechnologieshub.edu.au/understanding-dt/professional-learning/ai-professional-learning/ (September 2021)
- Approaches to AI Accessibility Aids for Publishing Professionals, Inclusive Publishing (12 Dec 2024)
- Why Generative AI Literacy, Why Now and Why it Matters in the Educational Landscape? Kings, Queens and GenAI Dragons, Aras Bozkurt, Open Praxis (12 Dec 2024)
- AI Competency Framework for Teachers, UNESCO (12 Dec 2024)
4. Practical advice about ChatGPT in education
- Using generative AI as part of assessments: cheating or opportunity? University of Sydney
- Practical Responses to ChatGPT and Other Generative AI (US) https://www.montclair.edu/faculty-excellence/practical-responses-to-chat-gpt/ (30 November 2023)
- ChatGPT and the future of university assessments (NZ) https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/news/2023/02/23/Chatgpt-and-the-future-of-university-assessments.html (23 February 2023)
- ChatGPT threatens language diversity. More needs to be done to protect our differences in the age of AI (NZ) https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/on-the-inside/484062/chatgpt-threatens-language-diversity-more-needs-to-be-done-to-protect-our-differences-in-the-age-of-ai (11 February 2023)
- Four lessons from ChatGPT: Challenges and opportunities for educators (University of Oxford, UK) https://www.ctl.ox.ac.uk/article/four-lessons-from-chatgpt-challenges-and-opportunities-for-educators (30 January 2023)
- ChatGPT could be used to improve learning in schools, PPTA, AI expert say (NZ) https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/482997/chatgpt-could-be-used-to-improve-learning-in-schools-ppta-ai-expert-say (24 January 2023)
- Hybrid learning and ChatGPT (Futuremakers, NZ) https://futuremakers.nz/2023/01/17/hybrid-learning-and-chatgpt/ (17 January 2023)
- ChatGPT: How schools and universities are preparing for the artificial intelligence software (UK) https://www.itv.com/news/2023-01-10/how-are-schools-and-universities-preparing-for-chatgpt-artificial-intelligence (11 January 2023)
5. Further Resources
Resources with constantly updated content on AI in education:
- AI in Higher Education (US)
- Artificial Intelligence in education UNESCO
- International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education (Official Journal of the International AIED Society, International)
- AI Forum of New Zealand (NZ)
- AI in Higher Education Resource Hub (Canada) https://teachonline.ca/ai-resources
- AI in Action: Applicable AI for Education, ICDE
- Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and Educational Assessment – Opportunities and Threats, Learning Letters Vol. 4 (2024) (14 March 2025)
- The AI Illusion in L&D: Exploring the *real* impact on learning & development, 2023-2025, Dr. Philippa Hardman’s Blog (14 March 2025)
- Universities and colleges in crisis: 3. The need to focus on costs rather than benefits, Dr. Tony Bates’ Blog: Online Learning and Distance Education (14 March 2025)
- Aotearoa New Zealand Guidelines “Use ethically and with humans in control”: Guidelines for use of GenAI in research in Aotearoa New Zealand published (17 June 2025)
- 2025 Horizon Action Plan: Building Skills and Literacy for Teaching with GenAI, EDUCAUSE Publication